Vaginismus

Vaginismus

What is Vaginismus?

Vaginismus is where the vaginal muscles spasm, contract and tighten, usually with touch. Primary vaginismus is defined as when you have never been able to have penetrative sex, use a tampon or tolerate a vaginal exam like a pap smear. Secondary vaginismus can be experienced usually as a result of trauma associated with childbirth, surgery or infection – after previously having no muscle spasm or pain when being touched.

Signs and symptoms?

  • Do you find it difficult to insert a tampon?
  • Do you have difficulty with penetrative intimacy?
  • Do you experience fear or anxiety with vaginal penetration?
  • Have you experienced pain during a gynecological examination?


Contributing factors of Vaginismus?

  • Trauma associated with childbirth
  • Previous painful sex,
  • Previous sexual assault/trauma
  • Medical conditions like the repeated incidence of  UTI, thrush, chronic pain or endometriosis
  • Hormonal changes including menopause 
  • Sometimes there is no physical cause,  but it can be induced through stress and anxiety
  • Overactive pelvic floor muscles

How can we help?


Physiotherapy for Vaginismus?

Most women who experience vaginismus will feel uncomfortable having a pelvic exam to diagnose their condition.


Treatment for vaginismus is best provided by a team of health professionals and will usually incorporate your GP, a psychologist, sex therapist and physiotherapist. Physiotherapist treatment may include:

  • Pelvic floor muscle relaxation techniques, and exercises
  • The use of dilators.

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By Kylie Conway March 2, 2025
Vaginal pessaries are a common medical device used to treat a variety of gynecological conditions. Although not often discussed openly, these devices can significantly improve quality of life for many women experiencing pelvic floor issues. In this blog, we’ll explore what vaginal pessaries are, how they work, their benefits, and key considerations for using them. What Are Vaginal Pessaries? A vaginal pessary is a small, flexible device that is inserted into the vagina to provide support to the pelvic organs. It comes in various shapes and sizes, depending on the specific condition it is meant to treat. These devices are typically made of medical-grade silicone or rubber, ensuring they are both durable and comfortable for long-term use. Vaginal pessaries are primarily used to treat pelvic organ prolapse (POP), urinary incontinence, and other conditions related to the pelvic floor. 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Post-Surgical Support: After certain surgeries, such as a hysterectomy or pelvic floor surgery, a pessary may be used temporarily or long-term to provide support during the healing process. Benefits of Vaginal Pessaries Non-Surgical Solution: For women who are not ready or unable to undergo surgery, vaginal pessaries provide a non-invasive, low-risk alternative to manage pelvic organ prolapse and other conditions. Cost-Effective: Compared to surgical options or long-term treatments, vaginal pessaries are generally affordable, especially when considering the ongoing costs associated with surgeries or more complex medical interventions. Customizable Treatment: Pessaries come in a range of sizes and shapes, allowing healthcare providers to customize treatment based on the patient's specific needs and anatomical considerations. Improved Quality of Life: Many women report significant improvement in symptoms, including reduced vaginal bulging, pelvic discomfort, and urinary incontinence, leading to a better overall quality of life. Minimal Maintenance: Pessaries are relatively easy to maintain with regular cleaning and occasional adjustments by a healthcare provider. They can also be used temporarily or long-term, depending on the severity of the condition. How to Use a Vaginal Pessary Using a vaginal pessary is straightforward but requires some instruction from a healthcare provider. Generally, the pessary is inserted into the vagina, where it rests against the pelvic organs to provide support. Many individuals can insert and remove the pessary themselves, while others may need help from us. Here are the basic steps for using a vaginal pessary: Consult with a Healthcare Provider: Your physio will assess your condition and recommend the appropriate type of pessary for your needs. Insertion and Removal: Pessaries are typically inserted when lying down or standing with one leg raised. After insertion, the pessary should be checked periodically to ensure it stays in place. Your physio will also provide instructions for cleaning and maintaining the device. Regular Checkups: While vaginal pessaries can be worn for long periods, regular follow-up appointments with your healthcare provider are essential to monitor the condition and ensure the pessary remains effective and comfortable. Considerations and Possible Side Effects While vaginal pessaries are a helpful treatment option for many individuals, there are some considerations to keep in mind: Discomfort: Some individuals may initially experience discomfort or irritation when using a pessary, though this often improves as the body adjusts. A well-fitted pessary should not cause pain or excessive pressure. Vaginal Discharge or Infection: Regular cleaning of the pessary is essential to avoid vaginal infections or discharge. It is also important to use the pessary as directed by a healthcare provider to minimize risk. Need for Replacement: Over time, pessaries may need to be replaced due to wear and tear or changes in the shape of the vagina. Not for Everyone: While pessaries are an effective option for many, they are not suitable for everyone. Individuals with severe vaginal atrophy or other complicating factors may require alternative treatments. Vaginal pessaries are an essential tool in the management of pelvic floor disorders, particularly pelvic organ prolapse and urinary incontinence. They offer a non-invasive, customizable solution for many who seek relief from symptoms without opting for surgery. While the device may take some getting used to, the benefits—such as improved comfort and quality of life—make it a valuable treatment option for those affected by these conditions. If you think a vaginal pessary might be right for you, consult with your gynecologist, healthcare provider or pelvic health clinician to determine the best approach for your individual needs. With the right guidance and care, vaginal pessaries can help restore pelvic health and provide lasting relief.

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